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DISKRIPSI TANAMAN TAPAK DARA DAN MANFAATNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI HARI

01.17 0

DISKRIPSI TANAMAN TAPAK DARA DAN MANFAATNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI HARI

Deskripsi
Habitus berupa tumbuhan semak, tahunan, tegak dengan
tinggi 1-2 m. Batang berkayu, bulat, bercabang, beruas dan
berwarna hijau. Daun tunggal, letaknya silang berhadapan,
berbentuk bulat telur dengan ujung terdapat getah dan
pangkal tumpul, tepi rata, mengkilat, tangkai panjang 2-6
cm, lebar 1-3 cm, pertulangan menyirip, berwarna hijau.
Bunga tunggal, terletak di ketiak daun, mahkota berbentuk
terompet, tangkai panjang 2,5-3 cm, kelopak bertajuk lima,
bentuk runcing,. Benang sari lima, kepala sari berwarna
kuning, tangkai putik putih. Buah kotak dengan bentuk
pipih, saat masih muda berwarna hijau setelah tua berwarna
coklat. Biji kecil, keras dan berwarna coklat. Akar berupa akar
tunggang dan berwarna putih.

Sinonim : Lochnera rosea (L.) Reichen B. ex Endl;
Vinca Rosea L.

Klasifikasi
Divisi : Spermatophyta
Sub divisi : Angiospermae
Kelas : Dicotyledoneae
Bangsa : Gentianales
Suku : Apocynaceae
Marga : Catharanthus
Jenis : Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.

Nama umum : Tapak dara

Nama daerah : Tapak liman (Melayu); Tapak
doro (Jawa).

Khasiat
Daun Vinca rosea berkhasiat sebagai obat tekanan darah tinggi, obat
malaria, obat sembelit dan obat kencing manis. Akarnya berkhasiat sebagai
obat haid tidak teratur.
Untuk obat tekanan darah tinggi dipakai ± 25 gram daun segar Vinca
rosea, direbus dengan 3 gelas air selama 15 menit, didinginkan, diperas dan
disaring. Hasil saringan diminum diminum dua kali sama banyak pagi dan
sore.

Kandungan kimia
Akar dan daun Vinca rosea mengandung alkaloida, saponin dan (lavonoida,
di samping itu akarnya juga mengandung tanin

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