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DISKRIPSI TANAMAN KOLA DAN MANFAATNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI HARI

01.50 0

DISKRIPSI TANAMAN KOLA DAN MANFAATNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI HARI

Deskripsi
Habitus berupa perdu dengan tinggi ±20 m. Batang bulau, berkayu,
bercabang-cabang, permukaannya kasar, warnanya hijau kecoklatan. Daun
tunggal, tersebar, bertangkai, bentuknya bulat telur memanjang, ujung
runcing, tepi rata, pangkalnya meruncing, panjang daun 7-19 cm dan
lebarnya 2-6 cm, pertulangan menyirip dan warnanya hijau. Bunga majemuk,
bentuk malai, kelopak bunga bentuknya kerucut, terdapat di ketiak daun,
warna hijau bila masih muda dan coklat bila sudah tua, bentuk mahkotanya
bintang, bertajuk lima, jumlah benang sari sepuluh yang tersusun seperti
bintang, warnanya ungu, warna putik kuning, kuning keputih-putihan.
Buah kotak yang setiap tangkainya terdapat 1-5 buah, bentuk buah bulat
memanjang, dimana pada setiap buah berisi 5-15 biji, panjang buah 8-15 cm
dengan diameternya 5-9 cm, warnanya hijau. Bentuk biji bulat telur, keras,
panjangnya 3-6 cm dan lebar 2-4 cm, selaput biji berasa manis dan wangi,
warnanya merah. Akar tunggang dan berwarna coklat.

Sinonim : Cola vera Schum

Klasifikasi

Divisi : Spermatophyta
Sub divisi : Angiospermae
Kelas : Dicotyledoneae
Bangsa : Malvales
Suku : Sterculaceae
Marga : Cola
Jenis : Cola acuminata Schott et Endl.

Nama umum : Kola

Nama daerah : Kola (Medan); Kola (Sunda);
Kola (Jawa Tengah).

Khasial
Biji Cola acuminata berkhasiat sebagai obat sakit kepala dan obat kuat.
Untuk obat sakit kepala dipakai ± 5 gram serbuk biji Cola acuminata,
diseduh dengan 1/2 gelas air matang panas, didinginkan dan disaring. Hasil
sanngan diminum sekaligus.
Kandungan kimia
Biji Cola acuminata mengandung alkaloida, llavonoida dan polifenol.

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